Page 47 - Demo

45THE Vth BUON MA THUOT COFFEE FESTIVAL - 2015h%u00e1i qu%u1ea3 ch%u00edn l%u00e0 kh%u00f3 kh%u0103n. Qu%u1ea3 c%u00e0 ph%u00ea v%u1ed1i nh%u1ecf h%u01a1n qu%u1ea3 c%u00e0 ph%u00ea ch%u00e8. %u1ede m%u1ed9t ch%u00f9m qu%u1ea3 m%u1ecdc chen ch%u00fac %u0111%u1ebfn 40-60 qu%u1ea3. Cu%u1ed1ng c%u00e0 ph%u00ea v%u1ed1i b%u00e1m ch%u1eb7t v%u00e0o c%u00e0nh n%u00ean r%u1ea5t kh%u00f3 h%u00e1i ri%u00eang t%u1eebng qu%u1ea3. Y%u00eau c%u1ea7u h%u00e1i c%u00e0 ph%u00ea l%u1ef1a ch%u1ecdn qu%u1ea3 ch%u00edn (selective picking) l%u00e0 kh%u00f3 th%u1ef1c hi%u1ec7n n%u00ean th%u01b0%u1eddng ng%u01b0%u1eddi ta tu%u1ed1t c%u1ea3 c%u1ee5m (stripping). Trong khi y%u00eau c%u1ea7u ch%u1ebf bi%u1ebfn qu%u1ea3 ch%u00edn %u0111%u1ec3 n%u00e2ng cao ch%u1ea5t l%u01b0%u1ee3ng th%u00ec th%u01b0%u1eddng ng%u01b0%u1eddi ta h%u00e1i c%u1ea3 qu%u1ea3 xanh, ch%u00edn c%u00f9ng m%u1ed9t l%u01b0%u1ee3t. %u0110%u1ec3 gi%u1ea3i quy%u1ebft v%u1ea5n %u0111%u1ec1 n%u00e0y, ng%u01b0%u1eddi ta ch%u1ecdn l%u1ecdc c%u00e0 ph%u00ea sau khi h%u00e1i v%u1ec1 b%u1eb1ng c%u00e1ch t%u00e1ch trong th%u00f9ng ch%u1ee9a n%u01b0%u1edbc %u0111%u1ec3 qu%u1ea3 ch%u00edn n%u1eb7ng ch%u00ecm xu%u1ed1ng d%u01b0%u1edbi v%u00e0 g%u1ea1n qu%u1ea3 xanh ra %u0111%u1ec3 ph%u01a1i kh%u00f4. Nhi%u1ec1u n%u01a1i v%u1edbi c%u00e1c ch%u1ee7 v%u01b0%u1eddn c%u00f3 di%u1ec7n t%u00edch nh%u1ecf h%u00e1i c%u00e0 ph%u00ea v%u1ec1 d%u00f9ng bi%u1ec7n ph%u00e1p th%u1ee7 c%u00f4ng %u0111%u1ec3 l%u1ef1a qu%u1ea3 ch%u00edn ra m%u1ed9t b%u00ean v%u00e0 qu%u1ea3 xanh l%u1eabn qu%u1ea3 kh%u00f4 m%u00f4%u0323t b%u00ean.- %u0110%u1ec3 ti%u1ebft ki%u1ec7m c%u00f4ng l%u1ef1a sau khi h%u00e1i c%u00f3 th%u1ec3 %u0111%u1ed5i gi%u1ed1ng tr%u1ed3ng m%u1edbi, gi%u1ed1ng m%u1edbi l%u00e0 nh%u1eefng d%u00f2ng c%u00e0 ph%u00ea v%u1ed1i ch%u1ecdn l%u1ecdc c%u00f3 n%u0103ng su%u1ea5t cao, ch%u1ed1ng ch%u1ecbu s%u00e2u b%u1ec7nh v%u00e0 qu%u1ea3 ch%u00edn t%u1eadp trung nh%u01b0 nh%u1eefng d%u00f2ng v%u00f4 t%u00ednh TR5, TR6, TR7, TR8 c%u1ee7a Vi%u1ec7n Khoa h%u1ecdc K%u1ef9 thu%u1eadt N%u00f4ng L%u00e2m nghi%u1ec7p T%u00e2y Nguy%u00ean.V%u1ec1 ch%u1ebf bi%u1ebfn. Ng%u01b0%u1eddi ta th%u01b0%u1eddng %u00e1p d%u1ee5ng ph%u01b0%u01a1ng ph%u00e1p ch%u1ebf bi%u1ebfn %u01b0%u1edbt cho c%u00e0 ph%u00ea Arabica. Tuy nhi%u00ean, %u1ea4n %u0110%u1ed9 t%u1eeb l%u00e2u %u0111%u00e3 %u0111i ti%u00ean phong trong vi%u1ec7c %u00e1p d%u1ee5ng ch%u1ebf bi%u1ebfn %u01b0%u1edbt v%u1edbi c%u00e0 ph%u00ea Robusta, v%u00e0 %u0111%u1ebfn nay l%u00e0 n%u01b0%u1edbc %u0111i %u0111%u1ea7u trong vi%u1ec7c cung c%u1ea5p c%u00e0 ph%u00ea Robusta ch%u1ebf bi%u1ebfn %u01b0%u1edbt cho th%u1ecb tr%u01b0%u1eddng th%u1ebf gi%u1edbi v%u00e0 l%u00e0 n%u01b0%u1edbc th%u1ee9 5 s%u1ea3n xu%u1ea5t c%u00e0 ph%u00ea Robusta sau Vi%u1ec7t Nam, Indonesia, Uganda v%u00e0 Brazil.C%u00e0 ph%u00ea v%u1ed1i so v%u1edbi c%u00e0 ph%u00ea ch%u00e8 c%u00f3 m%u1ed9t l%u1edbp nh%u1edbt b%u00e1m ch%u1eb7t h%u01a1n, kh%u00f3 %u0111%u00e1nh s%u1ea1ch. T%u1ef7 l%u1ec7 c%u00e0 ph%u00ea xanh h%u00e1i ra %u1edf c%u00e0 ph%u00ea v%u1ed1i cao h%u01a1n c%u00e0 ph%u00ea ch%u00e8, v%u00e0 th%u00f4ng th%u01b0%u1eddng ng%u01b0%u1eddi ta h%u00e1i c%u00e0 ph%u00ea v%u1ed1i %u00edt %u0111%u1ee3t h%u01a1n c%u00e0 ph%u00ea ch%u00e8. V%u00e0 khi h%u00e1i c%u0169ng c%u00f3 nhi%u1ec1u qu%u1ea3 qu%u00e1 ch%u00edn h%u01a1n c%u00e0 ph%u00ea ch%u00e8.Nh%u01b0 th%u1ebf c%u1ea7n ph%u1ea3i ch%u1ecdn ri%u00eang qu%u1ea3 xanh, qu%u1ea3 qu%u00e1 ch%u00edn tr%u01b0%u1edbc khi x%u00e1t t%u01b0%u01a1i. Nh%u1eefng lo%u1ea1i qu%u1ea3 xanh hay qu%u00e1 ch%u00edn c%u1ea7n %u0111%u01b0%u1ee3c ph%u01a1i kh%u00f4 theo ph%u01b0%u01a1ng ph%u00e1p ch%u1ebf bi%u1ebfn kh%u00f4. C%u00f2n qu%u1ea3 ch%u00edn %u0111%u00fang t%u1ea7m %u0111%u01b0%u1ee3c x%u00e1t t%u01b0%u01a1i %u00e1p d%u1ee5ng ph%u01b0%u01a1ng ph%u00e1p ch%u1ebf bi%u1ebfn %u01b0%u1edbt. Trong ch%u1ebf bi%u1ebfn %u01b0%u1edbt v%u00ec l%u1edbp nh%u1edbt d%u00e0y h%u01a1n %u1edf c%u00e0 ph%u00ea ch%u00e8 n%u00ean kh%u00f3 l%u1ea5y ra, qu%u00e1 tr%u00ecnh l%u00ean men ph%u1ea3i d%u00e0i h%u01a1n %u1edf c%u00e0 ph%u00ea ch%u00e8.Tr%u01b0%u1edbc t%u00ecnh h%u00ecnh tr%u00ean, ng%u01b0%u1eddi ta %u00e1p d%u1ee5ng ph%u01b0%u01a1ng ph%u00e1p ch%u1ebf bi%u1ebfn kh%u00f4 l%u00e0 ti%u1ec7n nh%u1ea5t.the coffee fruit, the choice of picking ripe fruit is difficult. Robusta fruit coffee is smaller than tea coffee. In a crowded fruit grows to 40 - 60 fruits. Robusta coffee stem clinging to the branches, it is difficult to pick individual fruits. Picking coffee required to select ripe coffee (selective picking) is difficult to do, so people often pluck the whole cluster (stripping). While processing requests ripe to improve the quality, people usually pick the green ones, at a level of ripeness. To solve this problem, people select coffee after picking them by dividing in the water tanks, the ripe fruit will sink and green fruits will be decanted to dry. Many places with the small garden area, people used to manually select a party of ripe fruits and a party of green fruits and dried fruit.- To save the selection, we may change the varieties, new varieties are the robusta coffee with high output, resistance to pests and concentrating ripe fruit, such as clones TR5, TR6, TR7, TR8 of Institute of Science and Technology for Agriculture, Forestry HighlandsIn processing, People often apply the wet processing method to Arabica coffee. However, India has long been a pioneer in the application of wet-processed Robusta coffee, and today is the leader in providing wet processed Robusta coffee in the world market and is the fifth on the world in production of Robusta coffee after Vietnam, Indonesia, Uganda and Brasil. Robusta Coffee compared with tea coffee has a viscous layer of more adherent, difficult to clean. Percentage of green Robusta coffee picked is higher than green tea coffee, and ordinary people with little round pick coffee than tea coffee. And when picking the ripe fruit, there are more ripe Robusta coffee than tea coffee. Therefore, we should take the green, overripe fruits apart before milling. The green or overripe fruits should be dried following to the dry processing method. Ripe fruits need milling following to the fresh wet processing method. In wet processing, for thicker viscous layer than tea coffee so, it is hard to get out, the fermentation process must be longer than tea coffee.Before this situation, the dry processing method is most convenient.