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39THE Vth BUON MA THUOT COFFEE FESTIVAL - 2015Quality of coffee products and coffee cups, first of all due to the kinds of coffee, terrain conditions, climate, land area, the management, the care, harvesting and processing methods.>>> Varieties/speciesTwo species now widely grown are arabica coffee (tea coffee) with dozens of different kinds and canephora coffee with mainly robusta varieties. Up to 98 - 99% of coffee traded on the world belong to these two species. Featured arabica coffee flavor is mellow, fragrant, sweet and sour and slightly physically; robusta coffee flavor is slightly acrid, less aromatic, neutral (not sour, not hot), but strongly physical. Temperature conditions of Buon Ma Thuot highland are appropriate to Buon Ma Thuot robusta coffee production, coffee variety have the quality generally appreciated lower than tea coffee and have high caffeine content in the seeds varied from 2.5 to 3.5% (double tea coffee).Topography, climate and land of growing regionTopography has a strong influence on heat-moisture regime. In high regions when the temperature and the amplitude between day and night is larger, particles are more solid than regular coffee; the organoleptic characteristics of water are often more dominant than in the low regions. Soil conditions in general play animportant role in the biosynthesis of flavor substances. The red soils developed on basalt rock and soil from weathered volcanic ash are thought to be very suitable for producing high quality coffee, because it is difficult to change and control these natural conditions. Advantages of the Buon Ma Ch%u1ea5t l%u01b0%u1ee3ng c%u1ee7a s%u1ea3n ph%u1ea9m c%u00e0 ph%u00ea nh%u00e2n v%u00e0 c%u00e0 ph%u00ea t%u00e1ch tr%u01b0%u1edbc h%u1ebft do gi%u1ed1ng c%u00e0 ph%u00ea, %u0111i%u1ec1u ki%u1ec7n %u0111%u1ecba h%u00ecnh, kh%u00ed h%u1eadu, %u0111%u1ea5t %u0111ai v%u00f9ng tr%u1ed3ng, vi%u1ec7c qu%u1ea3n l%u00fd, ch%u0103m s%u00f3c v%u01b0%u1eddn c%u00e2y, thu ho%u1ea1ch v%u00e0 ph%u01b0%u01a1ng ph%u00e1p ch%u1ebf bi%u1ebfn quy%u1ebft %u0111%u1ecbnh. >>> Gi%u1ed1ng/ lo%u00e0iHai lo%u00e0i %u0111%u01b0%u1ee3c tr%u1ed3ng r%u1ed9ng r%u00e3i hi%u1ec7n nay l%u00e0 c%u00e0 ph%u00ea Arabica (c%u00e0 ph%u00ea ch%u00e8) v%u1edbi h%u00e0ng ch%u1ee5c gi%u1ed1ng kh%u00e1c nhau v%u00e0 c%u00e0 ph%u00ea Canephora m%u00e0 ch%u1ee7 y%u1ebfu l%u00e0 gi%u1ed1ng Robusta (c%u00e0 ph%u00ea v%u1ed1i). C%u00f3 t%u1edbi 98 - 99% s%u1ea3n l%u01b0%u1ee3ng c%u00e0 ph%u00ea giao d%u1ecbch tr%u00ean th%u1ebf gi%u1edbi thu%u1ed9c hai lo%u00e0i n%u00e0y. %u0110%u1eb7c tr%u01b0ng m%u00f9i v%u1ecb c%u00e0 ph%u00ea Arabica l%u00e0 %u00eam d%u1ecbu, th%u01a1m, chua ng%u1ecdt v%u00e0 th%u1ec3 ch%u1ea5t nh%u1eb9; c%u1ee7a m%u00f9i v%u1ecb c%u00e0 ph%u00ea Robusta l%u00e0 h%u01a1i ch%u00e1t, %u00edt th%u01a1m, trung t%u00ednh (kh%u00f4ng chua, kh%u00f4ng n%u1ed3ng) nh%u01b0ng th%u1ec3 ch%u1ea5t %u0111%u1eadm %u0111%u00e0. %u0110i%u1ec1u ki%u1ec7n nhi%u1ec7t %u0111%u1ed9 c%u1ee7a cao nguy%u00ean Bu%u00f4n Ma Thu%u1ed9t th%u00edch h%u1ee3p %u0111%u1ec3 s%u1ea3n xu%u1ea5t c%u00e0 ph%u00ea v%u1ed1i, l%u00e0 gi%u1ed1ng c%u00e0 ph%u00ea c%u00f3 ch%u1ea5t l%u01b0%u1ee3ng %u0111%u01b0%u1ee3c %u0111%u00e1nh gi%u00e1 chung l%u00e0 th%u1ea5p h%u01a1n c%u00e0 ph%u00ea ch%u00e8 v%u00e0 c%u00f3 h%u00e0m l%u01b0%u1ee3ng ch%u1ea5t ca-ph%u00ea-in trong h%u1ea1t cao, bi%u1ebfn %u0111%u1ed9ng t%u1eeb 2,5-3,5% (g%u1ea5p %u0111%u00f4i c%u00e0 ph%u00ea ch%u00e8). %u0110%u1ecba h%u00ecnh, kh%u00ed h%u1eadu v%u00e0 %u0111%u1ea5t %u0111ai v%u00f9ng tr%u1ed3ng %u0110%u1ecba h%u00ecnh c%u00f3 %u1ea3nh h%u01b0%u1edfng m%u1ea1nh t%u1edbi ch%u1ebf %u0111%u1ed9 nhi%u1ec7t %u1ea9m. T%u1ea1i c%u00e1c v%u00f9ng cao c%u00f3 nhi%u1ec7t %u0111%u1ed9 th%u1ea5p v%u00e0 bi%u00ean %u0111%u1ed9 nhi%u1ec7t %u0111%u1ed9 ng%u00e0y %u0111%u00eam l%u1edbn h%u01a1n th%u00ec h%u1ea1t c%u00e0 ph%u00ea th%u01b0%u1eddng r%u1eafn ch%u1eafc h%u01a1n; c%u00e1c %u0111%u1eb7c tr%u01b0ng c%u1ea3m quan c%u1ee7a n%u01b0%u1edbc pha th%u01b0%u1eddng n%u1ed5i tr%u1ed9i h%u01a1n so v%u1edbi %u1edf v%u00f9ng th%u1ea5p. %u0110i%u1ec1u ki%u1ec7n %u0111%u1ea5t %u0111ai n%u00f3i chung %u0111%u00f3ng vai tr%u00f2 nh%u1ea5t %u0111%u1ecbnh trong sinh t%u1ed5ng h%u1ee3p c%u00e1c ch%u1ea5t t%u1ea1o m%u00f9i v%u1ecb. C%u00e1c lo%u1ea1i %u0111%u1ea5t %u0111%u1ecf ph%u00e1t tri%u1ec3n tr%u00ean %u0111%u00e1 bazan v%u00e0 %u0111%u1ea5t phong h%u00f3a t%u1eeb tro n%u00fai l%u1eeda %u0111%u01b0%u1ee3c cho l%u00e0 r%u1ea5t th%u00edch h%u1ee3p %u0111%u1ec3 s%u1ea3n xu%u1ea5t c%u00e0 ph%u00ea ch%u1ea5t l%u01b0%u1ee3ng cao, do %u0111%u00e2y l%u00e0 nh%u1eefng %u0111i%u1ec1u ki%u1ec7n t%u1ef1 nhi%u00ean r%u1ea5t kh%u00f3 thay %u0111%u1ed5i v%u00e0 ki%u1ec3m so%u00e1t. L%u1ee3i th%u1ebf c%u1ee7a cao nguy%u00ean Bu%u00f4n Ma Thu%u1ed9t c%u00f3 %u0111%u1ed9 cao b%u00ecnh qu%u00e2n kho%u1ea3ng 500